Identify the types of insulin currently available for treatment of type 2 dm. Insulin is a pancreatic hormone that is secreted by betacells of the islets of langerhans and is essential for the metabolism of glucose. Nov 23, 2014 resistensi insulin akut resistensi insulin yang terjadi pada penyakit kronis, seperti diabetes tipe 2, obesitas dan hipertensi, biasanya memakan waktu berbulanbulan, bertahuntahun atau bahkan puluhan tahun untuk berkembang. If you have had difficulty losing weight, or if you are a woman with irregular periods, or perhaps youre just curious about what insulin resistance means, read on. Insulin and insulin resistance article pdf available in the clinical biochemist. Abstrak resistensi insulin ditandai dengan adanya diabetes tipe 2, obesitas, dan komponen dari sindrom kardiometabolik, termasuk hipertensi dan dislipidemia, yang secara kolektif berkontribusi terhadap risiko besar untuk penyakit jantung. Diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dengan resistensi insulin, ppt 2003.
Resistensi insulin berperan penting dalam patogenesis dm tipe 2. Each food was given a score relative to white bread used as a reference at 100 %. Pdf on jan 1, 2016, raymond r tjandrawinata and others published patogenesis diabetes tipe 2. Insulin and its metabolic effects this information was ground breaking and way before its time, and to this day this information is still new to the vast majority of doctors in 2011. Insulin resistance is a predictor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus even in individuals with normal glucose tolerance. Insulin resistance is a state in which a given concentration of insulin produces a lessthanexpected biological effect. The portion size of each food tested contained 240 calories. This pdf was created using adolix pdf converter pro demo. Diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dengan resistensi insulin. Definisi, mekanisme dan pemeriksaan laboratoriumnya a. The insulin order reads, give 10 units of nph insulin and 5 units of regular insulin, subcut, every morning before breakfast. Blood vessels constrict, glucose and insulin cant get to the tissues, which makes them more insulin resistant, so the insulin levels go up and you lose more magnesium. Many people think that diabetes is caused by an excess intake of sugar and candy starting from a young age.
Ddiabetes mellitus iabetes mellitus dm is a metabolic disorder resulting from a. Insulin resistance affects everyone, even those without diabetes. The insulin order reads give 10 units of nph insulin and 5. Insulin resistance describes when the body produces insulin but the usual actions of insulin are not mediated. Identify patients appropriate for insulin therapy in the treatment of type 2 dm. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Diabetes melitus dm adalah penyakit yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar gula dalam darah.
With obesity and diabetes reaching epidemic proportions in the developed world, 1 the role of insulin resistance and its sequelae is gaining prominence. Biochemical changes of diabetes mellitus free download as pdf file. Diabetes tipe 2 mulai dari yang dominan resistensi insulin relatif sampai yang dominan defek sekresi insulin diabetes tipe lain 1. Resistensi insulin dan sindroma ovarium polikistik scribd. Insulin resistance refers to reduced insulin action in metabolic and vascular target tissues, hence higher than normal concentration of insulin is required to maintain normoglycemia and other actions of insulin, hence it may be considered as a euglycemic prediabetic state.
In hospitalized patients, multiple factors contribute to hyperglycemia, such as underlying medical conditions, pathophysiological stress, and medications. Dm tipe 1 destruksi sel beta umumnya menjurus kedefisiensi insulin absolute. Insulin resistance includes pathophysiology, management, patient education, and treatment considerations for different patient populations. Dm tipe 2 berawal dari resistensi insulin yang predominan dengan defisiensi insulin relatif menuju ke defek sekresi insulin yang predominan dengan resistensi insulin 3. Adiposity, biological markers of disease, and insulin resistance in mexican american adolescents, 2004. At the beginning, you will need to be in contact with your doctor and diabetes educator regularly to help work out the right dose for you. Disfungsi mitokondria pada resistensi insulin scribd. This free downloadable pdf talks about the causes of insulin resistance, how it affects the body, and ways in which a person can help to improve their.
An insulin index of 38 common foods can be found in the november 1997 issue of the american journal of clinical nutrition. Kelainan lemak darah sering dijumpai pada penderita dm, oleh karena itu asupan lemak yang disarankan 2025% dari total kalori. Biochemical changes of diabetes mellitus insulin diabetes scribd. Describe the action profiles of the different insulin therapies and relate these profiles to treatment regimens for patients with type 2 dm. Insulin history, biochemistry, physiology and pharmacology shashank r. Aug 07, 2019 insulin resistance is a state in which a given concentration of insulin produces a lessthanexpected biological effect. Also, it can take time to adjust to using insulin injections or an insulin pump and your new. Download as pptx, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. Insulin pens must never be used for more than one person summary the centers for disease control and prevention cdc has become increasingly aware of reports of improper use of insulin pens, which places individuals at risk of infection with pathogens including hepatitis viruses and human immunodeficiency virus hiv. So then you raise your insulin, you lose magnesium, and the cells become even more insulin resistant. Insulin resistance has been arbitrarily defined as a state which requires 200 or more units per day for longer than 48 hours for regulation in a nonacidotic person with diabetes mellitus. Hal ini sering dikaitkan dengan terganggunya sensitivitas jaringan terhadap insulin yang diperantarai glukosa wilcox, 2005. Articles focus on clinical care and advancing therapy for patients with insulin resistancerelated disorders.
Insulin promotes the storage and inhibits the breakdown of glucose, fat and amino acids. Extreme insulin resistance in a patient with diabetes. Resistensi insulin dan sindroma ovarium polikistik download as word doc. Review of insulin and its analogues in diabetes mellitus krishnappa mane, chaluvaraju kc, niranjan ms, zaranappa and manjuthej tr department of pharmaceutical chemistry, government college of pharmacy, bangalore 560 027, india.
Pendahuluan diabetes melitus tipe 2 dmt2 merupakan suatu kelompok penyakit metabolik yang disifati oleh hiperglikemi akibat kelainan sekresi insulin oleh sel beta pankreas, gangguan kerja insulin resistensi insulin, atau keduanya 1, 2. As people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, we can see the affects of insulin resistance in our blood sugar levels and through changes in our insulin doses. Cara penyimpanan insulin harus disimpan di lemari es pada temperatur 28 oc. Obesity, insulin resistance and comorbidities mechanisms. Tugas biokimia mekanisme seluler dan molekular resistensi. Reducing your blood pressure to less than 12080 systolicdiastolic without medication is essential in helping you reverse insulin resistance. Resistensi insulin free download as powerpoint presentation. Insulin resistance syndrome is similar to diabetes, in that there are problems with insulin production andor utilization of insulin. Insulin vial eli lilly humuin r yang sudah dipakai dapat disimpan selama 6 bulan atau sampai 200 suntikan bila dimasukkan dalam lemari es. For each insulin listed below, place in order from shortest duration 1 to longest duration 4. Resistensi insulin dan defisiensi insulin find, read and cite all the research you need on.
Insulin index of common foods an insulin index of 38 common foods can be found in the november 1997 issue of the american journal of clinical nutrition. Gen insulin manusia terletak pada lengan pendek kromosom 11. Insulin resistance has also been arbitrarily defined as the requirement of 200 or more units of insulin per day to attain. Insulin reference guide baptist health south florida. Penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 merupakan jenis tipe dm yang diderita hampir 90% di dunia. An evolutionary perspective on basal insulin in diabetes. Insulin is also known to stimulate the basolateral electrogenic nahco 3 cotransporter nbce1, which plays a major role in sodium and bicarbonate exit from proximal. Hyperglycemia is common in hospitalized patients and associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Rosedale was one of the first to speak throughout the world detailing the critical importance of insulin to health and disease. Diabetes mellitus dm dikenal juga dengan sebutan penyakit gula darah atau kencing manis. Pada prinsipnya, resistensi insulin dpt terjadi pd tingkat reseptor insulin atau pasca reseptor, o. Adiposity, biological markers of disease, and insulin. Its important to eat within 15 minutes of taking this insulin. Resistensi insulin akut resistensi insulin yang terjadi pada penyakit kronis, seperti diabetes tipe 2, obesitas dan hipertensi, biasanya memakan waktu berbulanbulan, bertahuntahun atau bahkan puluhan tahun untuk berkembang.
Manifestasi klinis dari resistensi insulin, intoleransi glukosa dan hiperinsulinemia, adalah konsekuensi dari ketidakmampuan insulin untuk merangsang penyerapan glukosa dalam jaringan target insulin, seperti otot dan lemak garvey et al, 2004. Given as a bolus dose to help keep your blood glucose level within your target range after a meal. Review of insulin and its analogues in diabetes mellitus. Therefore, it is important to recognize insulin resistance in the predisease stage when therapeutic intervention is likely to be more successful than in manifest disease. Insulin regulates carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism by several mechanisms. The evidencebased research shows that hypertension is an independent risk factor for insulin resistance 2. Sesuai klasifikasi who, disebut normal jika kadar glukosa plasma puasa resistensi insulin. Importantly, insulin resistance is a risk factor for many chronic health conditions, including heart disease, high blood pressure hypertension, high cholesterol, cancer, diabetes, alzheimers disease, kidney failure, stroke and nerve damage.
The development of transient insulin resistance is a known cause of hyperglycemia in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Understanding the role of insulin across a wide range of physiological processes and the influences on its synthesis and secretion, alongside its actions from the molecular to the whole body level, has significant implications. Please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report. Insulin resistance is defined as a failure of target organs to respond normally to the action of insulin. The syndromes of insulin resistance actually make up a broad. Glucose is one of the most important sources of the bodys energy and is obtained. This free downloadable pdf talks about the causes of insulin resistance, how it affects the body, and ways in which a person can help to improve their sensitivity to insulin.
The development of transient insulin resistance is a known cause of hyperglycemia in both diabetic and nondiabetic. Guyton, 2007 pada dm tipe 2 jarang terjadi defek kualitatif dari reseptor insulin, o. Rentfro ar, nino jc, pones rm, inniswhitehouse w, barroso cs, rahbar mh, et al. Org this supplement was sponsored by primary care education consortium and primary care metabolic group and is supported by funding from novo nordisk inc. Hiperglikemia dan resistensi insulin pada pasien sakit kritis ditandai dengan onset cepat, berkembang dalam. Obesity, insulin resistance and comorbidities mechanisms of. It is also necessary for the manufacture of insulin. Starts to work within 1520 minutes after injecting. Bergman abstract overall excess of fat, usually defined by the body mass index, is associated with metabolic e. Insulin resistance has also been arbitrarily defined as the requirement of 200 or more units of insulin per day to attain glycemic control and to prevent ketosis.
Insulin resistance underlies all forms of diabetes, and is a condition which primarily affects your muscles, liver and adipose tissue. Insulin dan oral diabetes free download as powerpoint presentation. Diabetes tipe 2 diabetes non insulin dependent ini tidak ada kerusakan pada pankreasnya dan dapat terus menghasilkan insulin, bahkan kadangkadang insulin pada tingkat tinggi dari normal. The development of procedures for purifying and modifying insulin took an additional 30 years. Adiposity, biological markers of disease, and insulin resistance in mexican american adolescents, 20042005 original research suggested citation for this article. Insulin starting insulin starting insulin can be challenging, and its understandable if you feel anxious. Reviews australian association of clinical biochemists 262. Wiradewi lestari insulin adalah hormon protein, yang disimpan dalamsel beta pankreas sebagai bentuk crystaline. Dm tipe 2 bervariasi,dominan resistensi insulin disertai defisiensi insulin relatif sampai defek sekresi insulin disertai resistensi insulin.
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